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A MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS
OF ANCIENT HISTORY
By Robertino Solàrion
from
Apollonius Website
HISTORY OF THE WORLD, from 1588 BCE
by Rob Solarion
Dallas, Texas, 3 August 2002
The explanatory treatise for these dates
is in preparation and will be uploaded later. Items such as "Attack
by Egypt on Judah, 12 Asa" mean that this attack occurred in the
12th year of Asa’s reign. All such year-entries
indicate cross-references within the sub-chronologies. The
Egyptians and Assyrians counted the passage of
years differently than the Israelites, a matter which will be
discussed later. When an entry has (= XXX), the name in parentheses
is the "ghost correlation" name or "mirror" historical
name of this Egyptian or Assyro-Babylonian ruler, as
is discussed in the Ages In Chaos series by Dr.
Immanuel Velikovsky, upon which this mathematical and
chronological analysis is based. Much more explanation will
eventually be provided here. This is such a complex subject, I am at
a loss, to some extent, in deciding exactly how to present it.
Please feel free to send me email if you have questions about any of
this.
Throne data and other details of Cappadocian history are
included in the Synchronized Chronology of Roman History.
E = Egypt
G = Greece
R = Rome
I = Israel
J = Judah
A = Assyria
B = Babylonia
C = Chaldea
P = Persia
M = Media
L = Lydia
* denotes throne data, such as accession dates.
HISTORY OF THE WORLD, from
1588 BCE
1588
Commencement of the Arrival Sequence of Planet X Nibiru/Yggdrasill
Eruption & Explosion of Volcanic Greek Isle Thera/Santorini
1587
E/I: Israelite Exodus from Egypt in March (First Passover)
E: *Death of the Pharaoh in the Whirlpool at Pi-Khiroth
C: *Ismi-Dagon
1586
I/A: Battle between the Israelites and "Amalekites" (Hyksos)
in Northern Sinai
E/A: *Conquest of Egypt by Hyksos (Hittite-Assyrians) & End
of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom
1585
E: *Salatis (approximate)
1570
E: *Beon (approximate)
1547
I: *Death of Moses & Leadership of Joshua
C: *Gurguna (approximate)
1536
Completion of the Arrival Sequence of Planet X Nibiru/Yggdrasill
I: "The Day The Sun Stood Still" (Joshua 10:12-14,
approximate)
1525
E: *Apachnas (approximate)
C: *Chushan-Rishathaim (approximate)
1522
I: *Death of Joshua & Commencement of 8-Year Interregnum
when Israel was ruled by Mesopotamian-Chaldean King
Chushan-Rishathaim
1514
I: *Othniel & Commencement of the Period of the Judges
1500
I: *Eglon, King of Moab
C: *Sagaraktiyas
1482
E: *Apopi I (approximate)
I: *Ehud & Shamgar
C: *Naram-Sin
1460
C: *Queen Bilatat (approximate)
1440
E: * Jonias (approximate)
C: *Sin-Shaba (approximate)
1420
C: *Zur-Sin (approximate)
1402
E: *Assis (approximate)
I: *Jabin, King of Canaan
C: *Nur-Vul (approximate)
1380
I: *Barak & Deborah
1370
E: *Apopi II (approximate)
C: *Rim-Sin (approximate)
1340
I: *Midianite Rule
C: *Arabian Conquest of Chaldea & Era of Khammurabi
1333
I: *Gideon
1330
E: *Apopi III (approximate)
1300
E: *Banan (approximate)
C: *Samsuiluna (approximate)
1293
I: *Abimelech
1290
I: *Tola
1267
E: *Abehenkhepes (approximate)
I: *Jair
C: *Ammidikaga (approximate)
1245
I: *Period of Philistine and Ammonite Oppression
1240
E: *Apopi IV (approximate)
1235
E: *Seqenenra I’s Theban Revolt against the Hyksos &
Restoration of Egyptian Rule at Thebes (approximate)
1227
I: *Jephthah
C: *Sinbarsikhu (approximate)
1221
E: *Seqenenra II (Thebes, approximate)
I: *Ibzan
1214
I: *Elon
1204
E: *Seqenenra III (Thebes, approximate)
I: *Abdon
1200
E: *Khenddel (Memphis, approximate)
C: *Kharbisikhu (approximate)
1196
I: *Period of Philistine Oppression
1180
E: *Kames (Thebes, approximate)
1170
E: *Nubti (Memphis, approximate)
C: *Ulam-Puriyas (approximate)
1156
I: *Samson
1146
I: Samson’s Betrayal by Delilah (approximate)
1140
E: *Queen Ahotep (Thebes, approximate)
1136
I: *Eli
1130
E: *Khian (Memphis, approximate)
C: *Nazi-Urdas (approximate)
1110
E: *Ahmessepari (Thebes, approximate)
1100
E: *Apopi V/Agag (Memphis, approximate)
A: *Commencement of the Assyrian Empire, Independent of
Chaldea, under Sargon I of Akkad (= Tlabarnash)
C: *Nilisikhu (approximate)
1096
I: *Samuel
1080
E: *Amasis/Ahmose I, The Great (Thebes, approximate)
1075
I: *Saul
1065
E: *End of Hyksos Rule in Avaris, Gaza & Conquest of All
Egypt by Amasis I, The Great
I: Saul’s Defeat of the "Amalekites" in Gaza, in Military
Alliance with Egypt
C: *Karakharbi (approximate)
1050
A: *Belsumilikapi (approximate)
1043
E: *Amenhotep I
1035
I: *David
A: *Irba-Vul (approximate)
C: *Tsibir-Deboras (approximate)
1025
A: *Ashurabi I/Ashurabumar/Enlil-Nirari II (= Anittas of
Kussara), Conquest of Chaldea & Commencement of the Old
Babylonian Dynasty
B: *Shiriktu-Shukamuna/Burnaburiash I
1013
E: *Thutmose I (as sole ruler)
1000
E: *Thutmose I & Queen Makeda Saba Hatshepsut (co-regency)
A: *Ashureshishi II/Ashurabi II (= Todkhalijas I)
B: *Marbita-Pileser/Kashtiliash III
M: *Parattarna (approximate)
995
I: *Solomon
983
E: *Queen Hatshepsut, Queen of Sheba, Nighisti Makeda Saba
of Axum, Ethiopia (as sole ruler)
980
A: *Tiglath-Pileser II/Ashurnirari II (= Pusarrumas)
B: *Nabomukinpal/Ulamburiash
M: *Shutarna I (approximate)
975
E/I: Queen Hatshepsut’s Visit to Jerusalem/Punt, 20 Solomon
972
E: Completion of Deir El-Bahari
971
E: *Thutmose III (= Shishak of Old Testament)
965
B: *Ninurta-Kuduruzur III/Agum III
960
B: *Marbita-Ahheidin/Kadashmankharbi I
M: *Saushattar I (approximate)
957
A: *Ashurdan II/Ashur-Belnishesu (= "Murshilis"?)
955
I: *Death of Solomon & Division of the Kingdom of Israel
into Israel & Judah
I: *Jeroboam I
J: *Rehoboam
950
E/I: Attack by Egypt on Israel, 5 Rehoboam
B: *Shamas-Mudammik/Kara-Indash
940?
A/B: Treaty of Friendship between Assyria and Babylonia
938
J: *Abijah, 18 Jeroboam I
A: *Adad-Nirari II/Ashur-Rimnisheshu (= "Hattushilis"?)
935
J: *Asa, 20 Jeroboam I
934
I: *Nadab, 2 Asa
M: *Shattuara I (approximate)
932
E: *Amenhotep II (= Osorkon I, Old Testament Zerah, Menelik
I of Ethiopia [son of Nighisti Saba & Solomon])
I: *Baasha, 3 Asa
924
E/I: Attack by Egypt on Judah, 12 Asa
920
B: *Naboshumukin/Kurigalzu I
918
A: *Tukulti-Ninurta II/Ashur-Nadinahi (= Labarnas)
916
E: *Thutmose IV (= Sheshonk IV)
M: *Artatama I (approximate)
909
I: *Elah, 26 Asa
908
I: *Zimri & Omri, 27 Asa
905
E: *Amenhotep III, The Magnificent (= Tefnakhte)
903
A: *Ashurnasirpal II/Eriba-Adad I (= Zidantas II)
897
I: *Ahab, 38 Asa
M: *Shutarna II (approximate)
895
B: *Nabopaladan/Kadashmanenlil I
894
J: *Jehoshaphat, 4 Ahab
878
A: *Shalmaneser III/Ashuruballit I (= Shuppiluliumas)
A/B: Renewal of Friendship Treaty between Assyria and
Babylonia
M: *Tushratta (approximate, contemporary with Akhnaton)
872
B: *Marduk-Zakirshumi I/Burnaburiash II, 6 Shalmaneser III
A/B: Renewal of Friendship Treaty between Assyria and
Babylonia
870
E: *Amenhotep IV (= Akhnaton, Bocchoris-Anysis)
B: *Coup d’Etat by Marduk-Belusate/Kudurenlil, 8 Shalmaneser
III
869
J: *Jehoram, 28 Ahab
A/B: Assyrian Invasion of Babylonia & End of Usurpation, 9
Shalmaneser III
B: *Marduk-Zakirshumi I/Burnaburiash II (restored)
868
I: *Ahaziah, 2 Jehoram
866
I: *Jehoram, 4 Jehoram
865
E: Foundation of Akhetaton, City of the Sun
A/B: Marriage of Ashuruballit I’s Daughter to Burnaburiash
II
862
J: *Ahaziah, 5 Jehoram
861
I: * Jehu
J: *Queen Athaliah
858
E: Banishment of Queen Nefertiti
855
J: *Joash, 7 Jehu
A/M: *Assyrian Conquest of Media (approximate)
853
E: *Smenkhare (= Peshee) & Banishment and Exile of Akhnaton
and Princess Beketaten
852
E: *Tutankhamen (= Takelothis)
848
E: War with Ethiopia
847
B: *Baba-Ahaiddina/Karakhardash II, 31 Shalmaneser III
845
E: *Ay (= Pamai)
B: *Coup d’Etat by Ashurdanipal/Nazi-Bugash, 33 Shalmaneser
III
M: *End of Assyrian Occupation under Mattiwaza (approximate)
844
A/B: Assyrian Invasion of Babylonia & End of Usurpation
B: *Marduk-Balassuiqbi/Kurigalzu II
843
A: *Shamshi-Adad V/Enlil-Nirari III (= Huzziyas II)
842
E: *Shabaka I (= Petasebast)
837
A/B: Assyrian Invasion & Conquest of Babylonia
833
I: *Jehoahaz, 23 Joash
B: *Nabomukinzeri I/Shagaraktishuriash (in exile)
832
B: *Marduk-Belzeri/Enlil-Nadinshumi (in exile)
830
B: *Marduk-Baladan/Kadashmankharbi II (in exile)
829
A/B: *Empress Semiramis/Tuvannanas
825
A: Approximate Founding of the City of Tyana, Named for
Empress Semiramis/Tuvannanas, in Cooperation with
Cappadocian Hittite King Nimrod
824
A: *Adad-Nirari III/Arik-Denilu (= Telipinus)
M: *Shattuara II (approximate)
818
I: *Jehoash, 37 Joash
816
J:Amaziah, 2 Jehoash
811
G: Birth of Atreus
810
B: *Restoration of the Babylonian Monarchy by Eriba-Marduk/Nazi-Maruttash
802
I: *Jeroboam II, 15 Amaziah
M: *Wasashata (approximate)
800
A: *Shalmaneser IV/Adad-Nirari I (= Alluvamnas) and
Approximate Founding of the Kingdom of Phrygia/Cappadocia by
King Minos of Macedonia
792
E: *Kashta (= Osorkon III)
791
G: Birth of Agamemnon
790
G: Period of Orpheus and The Muses & Origin of the Orphic
Music Mystery Cult by Apollo on Mount Olympus
786
J: *Uzziah, 17 Jeroboam II
782
G: Period of the Expedition of Jason and the Argonauts for
the "Golden Fleece" (approximate)
780
B: *Naboshumishkun II/Kadashmanturgu
M: *Saushattar II (approximate)
776
E: *Piankhi I (= Sheshonk III)
772
G: Marriage of Menelaus & Helen (approximate)
771
G: *Death of Atreus, Accession of Agamemnon & Abduction of
Helen by Paris of Troy
770
G: Commencement of the Trojan War
A: *Asshurdan III (= Hantilis II)
764
J: Vision of Amos
762 (June 15)
Commencement of the Departure Sequence of Planet X Nibiru/Yggdrasill
E: The Day That The Sun Devoured The Moon, 15 Sheshonk III
I/J: The Great Earthquake, 25 Uzziah
A/G: The Great Eclipse, 8 Asshurdan III
761
G: Period of Homer’s Iliad
760
I: *11-Year Interregum, 27 Uzziah
G: End of the Trojan War
759
G: *Murder of Agamemnon
758
G: Period of Homer’s Odyssey
756
G: Commencement of the Greek Olympiads
752
R: *Founding of Rome by Romulus & Remus
A: *Ashurnirari V (= Arnuvantas I)
749
I: *Shallum & Menahem, 38 Uzziah
M: *Artatama II (approximate)
747
B: *New Era of Nabonassar/Nebuchadnezzar I/Kadashmanenlil II
G: *Accession of Orestes I
744
A: *Tiglath-Pileser III/Pul (= Todkhalijas II)
740
I/A: War between Israel & Assyria, 9 Menahem, 4
Tiglath-Pileser III
737
I: *Pekahiah, 50 Uzziah
735
I: *Pekah, 52 Uzziah
734
J: *Jotham, 2 Pekah
733
B: *Nabonadinzeri
730
A: Assyrian Conquest of Media, Palestine & Arabia
729
A: Battle of the Two Sipparas with Babylonia
B: Temporary Conquest by Assyria
725
E: *Piankhi II, The Great (= Sheshonk I, So)
724
B: *Restoration of Independence by Nabushumukin
719
J/A: *Ahaz, 17 Pekah & Conflict with Assyria, 25
Tiglath-Pileser III
718
A: *Shalmaneser V/Ululai (= Arnuvantas II)
717
A/B: Temporary Reconquest of Babylonia by Assyria
714
I: *8-9 Year Interregum, 4 Ahaz
A: *Sargon II (= Hattushilis I)
713
A/B: Assyro-Babylonian War
712
E/A: Battle of Raphia between Egypt and Assyria, 2 Sargon
II, 14 Piankhi II
710
G/R: Period of Pythagoras of Samos in Crotona, Italy & His
Theory of "The Counter Earth"
708
A/M: First Revolt of the Medes against Assyrian Occupation
707
I: *Hoshea, 12 Ahaz
706
R: Visit by Pythagoras to Ancient Rivarta in India?
(approximate?)
705
E: Famous 21st Year of Conquest by Piankhi II/Sheshonk I
704
J: *Hezekiah, 3 Hoshea
703
E: *Shabaka II (= Tekeleth I, Sethos)
A: More War with Egypt
702
A/B: Conquest of Babylonia by Assyria
701
I/A: Assyrian Siege of Samaria, 4 Hezekiah, 1 Sargon II (as
King of Babylonia)
699
I/A: Conquest of Israel by Assyria, 9 Hoshea & 6 Hezekiah
695
A: *Sennacherib/Candaules (= Murshilis I/Myrsilus)
B: Independence Rebellion against Assyria
L: *Founding of the Kingdom of Lydia by Gyges
694
B: *Marduk-Zakirshumi II & Marduk-Baladan II (restored)
693
B: *Belipni
691
J/A: Attack by Assyria on Jerusalem, 14 Hezekiah, 4
Sennacherib
B: *Ashur-Nadinshumi
690
E/A: Battle of Altaku, 5 Sennacherib, 14 Shabaka
689
E: *Shabataka (= Osorkon II)
688
J: Vision of Isaiah
B: *Marduk-Baladan II (restored again), 7 Sennacherib
687
Completion of the Departure Sequence of Planet X Nibiru/Yggdrasill
E/I/A: Destruction by Cosmic Forces of the Assyrian Army at
Pelusium, Egypt
18 Hezekiah, 8 Sennacherib, 2 Osorkon II
686
J/B: Visit to Jerusalem by Babylonian Diplomats Dispatched
by Marduk-Baladan II
B: *Nerglishezib
M: *Deioces & Independence from Assryia
G: End of the Homeric Period
685
B: *Mushezib-Marduk
A: Conquest of Babylonia, 10 Sennacherib
679
E: *Tirhakah (= Sheshonk II, Horemhab-Harmais), Following
the Murder of Shabataka
A: *Esarhaddon (= Todkhalijas III), Following the Murder of
Sennacherib/Candaules/Murshilis I
675
J: *Manasseh
671
E: *Ramses I (= Necho I) & Flight of Tirhakah to Ethiopia
A: Assyrian Conquest of Egypt, 8 Esarhaddon, 8 Tirhakah
670
E: Civil War
669
E/A: *Egyptian Independence Restored under Tirhakah, After
Flight of Ramses I/Necho I to Assyria, but Renewed Egyptian
Civil War
667
E/A: *Ramses I (restored), Following New Attack by Assyria
666
E: *Tirhakah (restored), Following His Murder of Ramses I
A: *Ashurbanipal (= Shupiluliumas I)
B: *Shamash-Shumukin/ (= Hattushilis II)
662
E/A: Assyrian Attack on Egypt, 4 Asshurbanipal, 18 Tirhakah
659
E: *Seti I, The Great (= Psammetichus I, only at Sais)
658
E/L: Egyptian-Lydian Military Alliance, 2 Seti I
G: Founding of Byzantium by Byzas
656
E/A: Egyptian Attack on Assyria at Kadesh-Carchemish, 4 Seti
I
655
M: *Phraortes
653
E: *Tanutamen (= Takeleth II, only at Thebes) & Death of
Tirhakah at Thebes
652
E/A: Assyrian Attack on Egypt, 8 Seti I, 2 Tanutamen
651
E: *Conquest of Thebes by Seti I
E/A: Assyria Defeated by Egypt, 9 Seti I
A/L: Assyrian War with Lydia, 15 Ashurbanipal
646
B: *Kandalanu (= Hantilis I)
L: *Ardys (approximate)
636
E: *Co-Regency of Seti I & Ramses II, The Great (= Necho II)
632
M: *Cyaxares, 34 Ashurbanipal
630
A: Assyrian War with Media, 2 Cyaxares
M: *18-Year "Scythian" Interregnum in Media
628
P: Birth of Zoroaster
624
A: *Ashur-Etelilani (= Arnuvantas III)
622
B: *Nabopolassar (= Murshilis II)
621
J: *Amon
619
J: *Josiah
618
A: *Sinsharishkun (= Zidantas I)
612
M: *Restoration of Median Independence under Cyaxares
611
B/M: Babylonia-Media Military Alliance
608
E/B: Commencement of 23-Year War Between Egypt and Babylonia
A/B/M: Destruction of Ninevah by Babylonia and Media
A: *Ashuruballit II (= Ammunas), at Harran (in exile)
L: *Sadyattes
605
E: *Ramses II (as sole ruler)
604
E/A: Military Alliance between Egypt and Assyria against
Babylonia
B: Babylonian Defeat of Egypt and Assyria
A: *End of the Assyrian Empire, 16 Josiah, 2 Ramses II
602
B: *Nergilissar I (= Muwattalis)
601
E/B: First Battle of Kadesh-Carchemish, 19 Josiah, 5 Ramses
II
600?
P: *Cyrus I
598
E/J: Egyptian Capture of Ashkelon
596
L: *Alyattes
590
B: *Labash-Marduk (= Urkhi-Teshub)
M/L: Start of the 6-Year Median-Lydian War
588
E/J: *Egyptian Invasion of Judah, Death of Josiah &
Accession of Jehoahaz, 18 Ramses II
587
J: *Jehoiakim
585
E/A: Second Battle of Kadesh-Carchemish &
Egyptian-Babylonian Peace Treaty, 3 Jehoiakim
L/M: Lydian-Median Peace Treaty
584
B: *Nebuchadnezzar II, The Great (= Hattushilis III), 4
Jehoiakim
M/L: End of the 6-Year Median-Lydian War & Eclipse of Thales
on May 28
582
M: *Astyages
576
J: *Jehoiachin & His Imprisonment by Babylonia, then
Zedekiah
575
P: *Cambyses I
572
E/B: State Visit to Egypt by Nebuchadnessar II/Hattushilis
III, 34 Ramses II
J: Vision of Ezekiel, 5 Jehoiachin’s Exile
570
E: *Seti II (= Psammetichus II) & Queen Tuosri
568
E: *Merneptah I (= Hophra-Apries)
567
J: Military Assistance from Egypt, 9-10 Zedekiah, 2
Merneptah I
566
J/B: Conquest of Judah by Babylonia, 11 Zedekiah, 19
Nebuchadnezzar II
564
E: First War with Libya, 5 Merneptah I
561
E/J: Peak of Hebrew Refugee Flights to Egypt
560
E/B: Renewed Warfare between Egypt and Babylonia & Start of
Siege of Tyre by Nebuchadnezar II
551
P: Death of Zoroaster
548
E: Second War with Libya, 21 Merneptah II
547
E/B: *Amasis (= Amenmeses), Following the Mob-Killing of
Merneptah II, Conquest of Egypt by Babylonia & End of Siege
of Tyre, 37 Nebuchadnezzar II
541
B: *Evil-Merodach (= Todkhalijas IV)
540
J: Jehoiachin’s Release from Babylonian Prison after 36
Years
539
L: *Croesus
538
P/M: Persian Conquest of Media, Battlefield Death of
Cambyses I
P: *Cyrus II, The Great
J/P: Edict of Cyrus II Regarding Jerusalem
B: *Nergilissar II (= Huzziyas I)
535
B: *Nabonidus (= Arnuvantas IV) & Belshazzar (=
Suppiluliumas II)
525
P/L: *Conquest of Lydia by Persia, 13 Cyrus II
519
B/P: *Conquest of Babylonia by Persia, 19 Cyrus II
515
R: Acquisition of the Sibylline Oracles by King Tarquinius
Superbus
510
R: *Death of Tarquinius Superbus
509
R: *Founding of the Roman Republic
P: *Cambyses II
505
E: *Merneptah II (= Siptah, Psammetichus III)
504
E: *Conquest by Persia, 5 Cambyses II
502
P: *The Magi & Pseudo-Smerdis, Followed by Darius I
500
G: Period of Astronomer Heracleitus (10,800-Year Cosmic
Cycle)
496
J/P: Restoration of the Temple at Jerusalem, 6 Darius I
470?
P/G: Battle of Marathon between Persia and Greece
466
P: *Xerxes I
461
P/G: Battles of Thermopylae, Salamis and the Eurymedon
460
P: *Artaxerxes I
455
E: Revolt of Inaros (= Ramses IX)
450
G: Period of Historian and Traveller Herodotus
449
E: End of the Six-Year Egyptian War & Execution of Inaros
P/G: Battle of Cyprus & Peace of Callias
444?
E: Revolt of Amyrtaeus I (= Ramses "VIII")
425
P: *Xerxes II & Sogdianus
424
P: *Darius II
404
E: *Restoration of Egyptian Independence, Under Amyrtaeus II
(= Ramses "XI")
P: *Artaxerxes II
400
G: Period of Plato
398
E: *Nepherites I (= Setnakhte)
392
E: *Psammuthis (= Ramses "V")
391
E: *Achoris (= Ramses "X")
380
E: *Nepherites II (= Ramses "VII")
379
E: *Ramses III (= Nectanebo I)
372
E: First Invasion of the Sea People, 8 Ramses III
368
E: Second Invasion of the Sea People, 12 Ramses III
360
E: *Tachos (= Ramses IV)
358
P: *Artaxerxes III
356
G: Birth of Alexander, The Great, in Macedonia
355
E: *Nectanebo II (= Ramses VI)
340
E: *Reconquest by Persia, 19th Year Artaxerxes III
338
P: *Artaxerxes IV
336
P: *Darius III
332
E/I/G: *Conquest of Egypt, Palestine and Seleucia-Syria by
Alexander III, The Great, of Macedonia
331
E: Founding of Alexandria
P/G: *Conquest of Persia by Alexander III
326
R: *Introduction of the Proconsulate
322
E/G: *Death of Alexander III & Accession of Philippus III/Aridaeus
319
E: *Accession of the Ptolemaic Dynasty under Ptolemy I/Soter
I & Queen Berenice I
316
G/I: *Olympias
315
G/I: *Cassander
312
E/G: Restoration of Independence in Seleucia and Syria &
Commencement of the Greek Seleucid Calendar
G: *Seleucus I/Nicator I in Seleucia and Syria
311
R: First Election of the Naval Duumvirate
305
E/I: *Commencement of Egyptian-Ptolemaic Rule in Palestine
296
G: *Philippus IV in Macedonia
294
G: *Demetrius I/Poliorcetes in Macedonia
287
G: *Pyrrhus in Macedonia
286
G: *Lysimachus & Others in Macedonia
285
E/I: *Ptolemy II/Philadelphus & Queen Arsinoe I
283
G: *Antigonus I/Gonatus in Macedonia
280
G: *Antiochus I/Soter I in Seleucia
272
P: Legendary Birth-Year of the Persian Sun-God Mithras on
December 25
264
R: Commencement of the First Punic War
261
G: *Antiochus II/Theos in Seleucia
250
G/P: *Restoration of Persian/Parthian Independence from
Greece by Persian King Arsaces I
248
P. *Arsaces II/Tiridates
247
E/I: *Ptolemy III/Evergetes I & Queen Berenice II
246
G: *Seleucus II/Callinicus in Seleucia
230
G: Period of Mathematician Apollonius Pergaeus
226
G: *Seleucus III/Ceraunus in Seleucia
225
R: War with Gaul/France
223
G: *Antiochus III, The Great, in Seleucia
222
E/I: *Ptolemy IV/Philopator & Queen Arsinoe II
218
R: Commencement of the Second Punic War
211
P: *Arsaces III/Artabanus I
208
P: Legendary Death-Year of Sun-God Mithras
205
E: *Ptolemy V/Epiphanes & Queen Cleopatra I
I: *Conquest of Palestine by Syrian-Seleucid King Antiochus
III, The Great
200
G: Period of the Poet Apollonius Rhodius, Author of the
Homeric Argonautica
191
R: War with Antiochus III, The Great, Ruler of Syria and
Palestine
190
P: *Arsaces IV/Priapatus
186
R: Suppression of the Bacchic Mysteries at Rome
181
E: *Ptolemy VI/Philometor I/Eupator & Queen Cleopatra II
175
P: *Arsaces V/Phraetes I
171
R/G: Commencement of the Roman War with Perseus of Macedonia
168
R/G: End of the War with Perseus
167
I: Revolt of the Maccabees in Palestine
166
I: *Restoration of Independence in Palestine by Judas
Maccabaeus
161
I: *Jonathan
150
P: *Arsaces VI/Mithridates I
149
R: Commencement of the Third Punic War
146
E: *Ptolemy VII/Evergetes II/Physcon & Queen Cleopatra III
R/G: End of the Punic Wars, Conquest of Carthage &
Annexation of Greece to Rome
142
I: *Simon
138
R: Birth of L. Cornelius Sulla Felix
135
I: *John Hyrcanus I
130
P: *Arsaces VII/Phraetes II
127
P: *Arsaces VIII/Artabanus II
120
P: *Arsaces IX/Mithridates II
119
G: Birth of King Mithradates of Pontus, Later to Introduce
Mithraism into Ionia
117
E: *Ptolemy VIII/Soter II/Philometor II/Lathyrus
107
E: *Ptolemy IX/Alexander I & Queen Cleopatra IV
I: *Aristobulus I
106
I: *Alexander Jannaeus
105
R: First Official Gladiatorial Contest
100
R: Birth of Gaius Julius Caesar
I: Era of Rabbi Jehoshua Ben Pandira in Jerusalem
89
E: *Ptolemy VIII (restored)
82
R: *Dictatorship of Sulla, Burning of the Capitoline &
Destruction of the Original Sibylline Oracles
81
E: *Ptolemy X/Alexander II & Queen Cleopatra V
80
E: *Ptolemy XI/Dionysus I/Auletes & Queen Berenice III
78
R: *Death of Sulla & Era of Pompey
I: *Queen Alexandra, Wife of Alexander Jannaeus
P: *Arsaces X/Mnascires
77
P: *Arsaces XI/Sanatroces
71
R: Revolt of Spartacus
70
P: *Arsaces XII/Phraetes III
69
I: *Aristobulus II
67
R: Pompey’s Victorious Campaign Against the Mithraic
Cilician Pirates, Now Spreading Zoroastrian Mithraism to
Rome by Means of Mithraic Imperial Roman Soldiers
66
P: *Arsaces XIII/Mithridates III
64
R: Roman Conquest of Seleucia & Syria
63
I: *John Hyrcanus II
60
G: Death of Mithradates VI of Pontus
R: *Formation of the First Triumvirate: Caesar, Pompeius &
Crassus
58
R: Caesar’s Invasion of Gaul/France
55
R: Caesar’s Invasion of Caledonia/Britain
54
P: *Arsaces XIV/Orodes I
52
R: Annexation of Gaul/France to Rome by Julius Caesar
51
E: *Queen Cleopatra VI, The Great & Ptolemy "XII"/Dionysus
II
48
E/R: Visit of Julius Caesar to Egypt & First "Accidental"
Destruction of the Library at Alexandria by Roman Soldiers
47
E: *Queen Cleopatra VI, The Great & Ptolemy "XIII"
46
E/R: Adoption of the Egyptian Solar Calendar by Julius
Caesar
R: *Dictatorship of Julius Caesar
44
R: *Assassination of Julius Caesar (Ides of March)
43
R: Formation of the Second Triumvirate of Octavianus,
Antonius and Lepidus
E: *Queen Cleopatra VI, The Great & Ptolemy "XIV"/Caesarion
40
I: *End of the Maccabaean Line
P: *Parthian Conquest of Palestine
39
I/P: *Arsaces XV/Phraetes IV
38
R/P: War between Rome and Parthia
37
R/E: Commencement of the Love Affair Between Marcus Antonius
of Rome & Queen Cleopatra VI of Egypt
R/I: Roman Conquest of Palestine from Parthia &
Establishment of the Dynasty of Herod, The Great
31
E/R: War between Rome & Egypt
30
E/R: Anthony & Cleopatra Double Suicide & Annexation of
Egypt to Rome
R: Commencement of the Roman Empire under Octavianus
Augustus Caesar
3
R: Birth of Apollonius Apollonius Menodotus in Tyana,
Cappadocia/Assyria/Hatti
Go Back
The Synchronized Chronologies of Roman and Related Histories
By Robertino Solàrion
Dallas, Texas
20-04-2002
Update : 22 September 2004
In the following chronological synchronization, the initial years
are counted backwards as BCE, or Before Common
Era, using standard accepted astronomical calculations,
i.e., including a Year 0 between the old era and the current one,
bumping, for example, the "traditional" date for the
Founding of Rome forwards one year from 753 to 752 BCE. After
the Year 0, dates are considered AD, or CE, that is, Common Era. Put
another way, Christian 1 BC is followed immediately by Christian 1
AD, without the inclusion of a Year 0. Scientists consider 1 AD to
be +1, 1 BC as 0, and 2 BC as -1. Thus here, 1 BCE would be
equivalent to Christian 2 BC, and so on. Consequently, there could
be some BCE dates amongst the following items that are, accordingly,
out-of-synch by one year. This backward and awkward method for
determining historical chronology cries out for scientific
improvement, but I digress.
Many of these dates can be verified by various information found
elsewhere in this manuscript; however, there are included other
dates which are not discussed at present but were placed here solely
"for the record". See also the 2002 treatise L’Essai
Illimité by Nicolas Verger of Bordeaux, France -- and to
whom I express my gratitude for his collaboration in assembling this
chronology.
No attempt has been made here to cite the source for each and every
date, but you may rest assured that I have striven as diligently as
I could to achieve chronological accuracy. These dates were
assembled from a myriad of historical books and documents. Some of
them refer to the "period" or "era" of a certain writer or sect, and
these dates are not always noted as being "approximate", as are
certain others. However, I must say that quite a large portion of
this information was obtained from the brilliantly scholarly series
of Antiquarian Dictionaries that were published in London and
Boston in the 19th Century by Professor William Smith
and his European colleagues. By the "Hand of Fate"
presumably, I was fortunate to inherit this series of ten
dictionaries from my Great-Uncle Dr. Whitfield Leggett
Russell, who died in 1960. These dictionaries by Professor
Smith cover all aspects of the history of the Greco-Roman World.
Here, a lot of my information was obtained from A Dictionary of
Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology (3 Volumes) and
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (2 Volumes).
To be honest, I could never have completed this Apollonius
research and my companion Cosmic Tree research without
these priceless dictionaries, and my intellectual Uncle Whit’s
copies are actual first editions that were printed in London about
130 years ago but are still in remarkably pristine condition. To my
knowledge, they are no longer available for use by the general
public; certainly they are not for sale anywhere today, nor
available in unrestricted areas of such libraries as that of
Congress in Washington, D.C. Thank
you, Uncle Whit! My recent book (February 2004), PLANET X NIBIRU
: SLOW-MOTION DOOMSDAY, is dedicated to Uncle Whit.
Suffice it to say that if any doubting reader wishes to obtain a
source for a date or dispute a particular date’s accuracy, please
feel free to contact me about it, although I feel certain that any
Search Engine like Google can bring up documents relating to
most items of the chronology listed here. Also, if anyone notices
any minor errors in the information, please advise me by email.
Thanks. This current treatise is the culmination of four years of
work; and although it may be expanded or refined somewhat in the
future, for all practical purposes it is finished. But it sometimes
seems difficult for me personally to arrive at a final conclusion of
this research, because, as my French colleague Nicolas Verger
has noted, this is an "Unlimited Essay", the end of which may
never be truly understood within our own lifetimes.
The Trojan War and several of the earliest dates prior
to the time of Alexander III, The Great (such as the
placement of the Egyptian Rameside Dynasties), have been
chronicled according to the ideas of Dr. Immanuel Velikovsky
in Ages in Chaos; but it is purely my own conjecture that the
traditional placement of Pythagoras in the 500s is wrong and
that he should, in fact, be pushed back in time by 200 years. There
is no real "proof" for the actual time of Pythagoras,
who was born and lived in Crotona, Italy.
Lucius of Etruria asserted that Pythagoras indeed was
an Etruscan, implying that Pythagoras lived around the
time of the Founding of Rome; and Pythagoras actually
wrote what can only be interpreted as an "eyewitness account"
of what he called "The Counter Earth" (that is, "The
Cosmic Tree").
The Life of Apollonius of Tyana and Lives of the Sophists
by Flavius Philostratus have both been published in English
and Greek by Harvard University’s Loeb Classical Library.
Lives of the Sophists was published in the same volume with
Lives of the Philosophers and Sophists by Eunapius. See
the following chronology for additional details.
Here is a quote from the Harvard preface to Lives of the Sophists
by Philostratus:
"Philostratus has preserved the
renown of a number of these improvisators
[sophists/rhetoricians] who, but for him, would have perished as
completely as have the actors and dancers of those centuries.
More than half the sophists described by him are ignored even by
Suidas. Yet they were names to conjure with in the
schools of rhetoric all throughout the Roman world, until the
Christian Fathers and the rhetoric of the pulpit took the place
of the declaimers [sophists/rhetoricians]. Christianity was
fatal to Sophistic, which seems to wither like a Garden
of Adonis, never deeply rooted in the lives of the common
people. But sophists for centuries had educated
Christians and pagans alike, and it was from their hands,
unintelligent and sterile as they often were in their devotion
to Hellenic culture, that the Church received, though
without acknowledgement, the learning of which she boasted, and
which she in her turn preserved for us."
And here is a quote from Eunapius
himself, written about 150 years after Philostratus:
THE WRITERS WHO HAVE COMPILED A
HISTORY OF THE PHILOSOPHERS
"Porphyry and Sotion
compiled a history of philosophy and the LIVES of the
philosophers. But Porphyry, as it happened, ended with
Plato and his times, while Sotion, though he lived
before Porphyry, carried on his narrative, as we see, to
later times also. But the crop of philosophers and sophists who
came between Sotion and Porphyry was not described as
their importance and many-sidedness deserved: and therefore [Flavius]
Philostratus of Lemnios in a superficial and
agreeable style spat forth the LIVES of the philosophers no one
has recorded accurately. Among these latter were Ammonius of
Egypt, who was the teacher of the divine Plutarch,
and Plutarch himself, the charm and lyre of all philosophy;
Euphrates of Egypt and Dion of Bithynia, whom men
surnamed the golden-tongued; and Apollonius of Tyana, who
was not merely a philosopher but a demigod, half-god, half-man.
"For he [Apollonius] was a follower of the Pythagorean
doctrine, and he did much to publish that philosophy. But
Philostratus of Lemnios wrote a full account of
Apollonius, and titled his book THE LIFE OF APOLLONIUS,
though he ought to have called it THE VISIT OF GOD TO MANKIND.
Carneades also lived about this time, a celebrated figure
among the Cynics, if indeed we ought to take any
account of the Cynic school, among whom were Musonius,
Demetrius, and Menippus, and several others also;
but these were the more celebrated.
"Clear and accurate accounts of the lives of these men it was
impossible to discover, since, so far as I know, no one has
written them. But their own writings were and still are
sufficient records of their lives, filled as they are with such
erudition and thorough research in the field of ethics and also
that research which aspires to investigate the nature of things
and disperses like a mist the ignorance of such as are able to
follow.
"Thus, for example, the inspired Plutarch records in
statements scattered here and there in his books, both his own
life and that of his teacher; and he says that Ammonius
died at Athens. But he does not title these records a LIFE,
though he might well have done so, since his most successful
work is that which is titled THE PARALLEL LIVES of men
most celebrated for their deeds and achievements.
"But his own life and that of his teacher he scattered piecemeal
through every one of his books; so that if one should keep a
sharp look-out for these references and track them as they occur
and appear, and read them intelligently one after another, one
would know most of the events of their lives. Lucian of
Samosata, who usually took serious pains to raise a laugh,
wrote a life of Demonax, a philosopher of his own time,
and in that book and a very few others was wholly serious
throughout."
For the chronology of publications
after 1501 CE, you are referred to my companion treatise
titled "Apollonius
Chronological Historical Bibliography", which pursues
this saga of writing and publication through time to our current
year of 2002 CE, only 10 short years away from the
Mayan End-Time Date.
Founding of the City of Tyana
825 Era of Assyrian Empress Semiramis Tuvannanas,
Co-Founder & Possible Namesake of Hittite Tyana,
Founded in Cooperation with Hittite-Cappadocian King Nimrod
800 Founding of Phrygia (Including Cappadocia) by King Minos
of Macedonia
790 Period of Orpheus and the Muses in Greece &
Origin of the Orphic Music Mystery Cult by Apollo on Mount
Olympus
780 Period of the Expedition of Jason and the Argonauts for
"The Golden Fleece"
770 Commencement of The Trojan War
762 The "Great Earthquake" and "Great Eclipse" on June 15 &
End of The Golden Age of Yggdrasill/Olympus as "The Cosmic
Tree"
761 Period of Homer’s Iliad
760 End of The Trojan War
758 Period of Homer’s Odyssey
756 Commencement of the Greek Olympiads
752 Founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus
747 New Era of Nabonassar in Babylon
720 Period of War and Turmoil in Egypt
710 Founding of Crotona, Calabria, Italy &
Reconstructed Period of Pythagoras in Crotona &
Pythagoras’ Theory of "The Counter Earth" (approximate date)
708 Birth of the Kingdom of Media
705 Visit by Pythagoras to Ancient Ryvarta in India?
(approximate date?)
695 Founding of the Kingdom of Lydia by Gyges
687 Final Departure of Planet X Nibiru, the Pythagorean
"Counter Earth" &
Destruction by Accompanying "Cosmic Forces" of the
Assyrian Army of King Sennacherib at Pelusium, Sinai, Egypt
679 Accession of Esarhaddon in Assyria &
Official Start of the Mayan Calendar in America (End-Time
Date of 2012 CE)
671 Commencement of the Ramsside Dynasties in Egypt
660 Founding of the Japanese "Heavenly Throne" by Emperor
Jimmu Tenno &
Commencement of the Japanese Calendar
658 Founding of Greek Byzantium by Byzas
628 Birth of Zoroaster in Persia
551 Death of Zoroaster in Persia
515 Approximate Date of Acquisition of the Sibylline Oracles
by Tarquinius Superbus, King of Rome
510 Banishment of Tarquinius Superbus
509 Founding of the Roman Republic
502 Assassination of the Pseudo-Smerdis in Persia & Founding
of the New Persian Cappadocian Dynasty
500 Era of Buddha in India, Confucius in China & Astronomer
Heracleitus in Greece
450 Era of Herodotus, "The Father of History", in Greece
400 Era of Plato in Greece, Author of Timaeus & Critias,
Including Mention of Atlantis
380 Approximate Accession of Satrap Ariamnes I in Cappadocia
356 Birth of Alexander III, The Great, in Macedonia
340 Approximate Accession of Satrap Ariarathes I in
Cappadocia
333 Alexander’s Conquest of Tyana, Cappadocia
331 Founding of Alexandria, Egypt, by Alexander
327 Visit by Alexander to Taxila, India &
"The Emerald Tablet" Acquired by Alexander
323 Death of Alexander III, The Great, in Egypt
322 Death of Aristotle in Greece & Accession of Satrap
Ariarathes II in Cappadocia
312 Commencement of the Greek Seleucid Calendar
310 Approximate Expulsion of the Macedonians from Cappadocia
by Ariarathes II
300 Approximate Founding of Burdigala/Bordeaux, Gaul/France
by the Celtic
Bituriges-Vivisci Tribe ("Kings of the World")
290 Approximate Accession of Ariamnes II in Cappadocia
272 Legendary Birth Year of the Persian God Mithras on
December 25
250 Approximate Accession of Satrap Ariarathes III in
Cappadocia
230 Period of Mathematician Apollonius Pergaeus
208 Legendary Death Year of Mithras
205 Approximate Accession of Satrap Ariarathes IV in
Cappadocia
200 Period of Poet Apollonius Rhodius, Author of the Homeric
Argonautica
186 Suppression of the Bacchic Mysteries in Rome
162 Accession of Satrap Ariarathes V in Cappadocia
125 Approximate Accession of Satrap Ariarathes IV in
Cappadocia
120 Birth of King Mithradates VI of Pontus, Later to
Introduce Mithraism to Ionia
105 First Official Roman Gladiatorial Contest
100 Birth of Julius Caesar & Era of Rabbi Jehoshua Ben
Pandira in Palestine
93 End of the Persian Dynasty in Cappadocia &
Commencement of the Roman Cappadocian Dynasty of
Ariobarzanes I, Philoromaeus (deposed and restored twice)
82 Dictatorship of Sulla in Rome, Burning of the Capitoline
&
Destruction of the Original Sibylline Oracles
78 Death of Sulla & Era of Pompey in Rome
71 Revolt of Spartacus
67 Pompey’s Victorious Campaign Against the Mithraic
Cilician Pirates,
Now Spreading Zoroastrian Mithraism to Rome by Means of
Mithraic Imperial Roman Soldiers
64 Roman Conquest of Seleucia and Syria
63 Accessions of King John Hyrcanus II in Palestine &
Ariobarzanes II in Cappadocia
60 Formation of the First Roman Triumvirate of Caesar,
Crassus and Pompeius &
Death of Mithradates VI, King of Pontus
59 Prohibition Against the Worship of Isis in Rome
58 Commencement of Julius Caesar’s Campaigns in Gaul/France
57 Approximate Birth of Menodotus Menodotus III, Grandfather
of Apollonius of Tyana,
Also Known As Literary Physician "Apollonius Antiochenus
Empiricus",
Perhaps Also Known As "Apollonius Mus Heraphileius",
"Apollonius Ophis Pergamenus Ther" or "Apollonius Citiensis"
55 Julius Caesar’s Invasion of Caledonia/Britain
54 Accession of Arsaces XIV/Orodes I in Parthia
52 Roman Annexation of Gaul/France
51 Accessions of Queen Cleopatra, The Great, in Egypt &
Ariobarzanes III in Cappadocia
48 Visit of Julius Caesar to Egypt & First Destruction of
the Library at Alexandria
46 Adoption of the Egyptian Calendar by Julius Caesar
45 Dictatorship of Julius Caesar
44 Period of Megarian Philosopher Apollonius Chronos of
Caria,
Teacher of Roman Historian Diodorus Siculus
43 Assassination of Julius Caesar on the Ides of March &
Founding of Lugdunum/Lyon in Gaul/France
42 Birth of Tiberius Caesar in Rome & Accession of
Persian-lackey Satrap Ariarathes VII in Cappadocia
40 End of the Maccabean Line & Parthian Conquest of
Palestine
39 Accession of Arsaces XV/Phraetes IV in Parthia
38 War Between Parthia and Rome
37 Roman Conquest of Palestine from Parthia &
Appointment of Herod, The Great, as King
36 Accession of Archelaus, Last King of Cappadocia,
Appointed King by Marcus Antonius
33 Lovers’ Rendezvous of Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra at
Gytheion, Greece,
Near Sparta and the Gates of Hades (approximate date)
32 Approximate Birth of Apollonius Menodotus, Father of
Apollonius of Tyana,
Also Known As Literary Physician "Apollonius Antiochenus
Senior"
31 Octavian’s Defeat of Marcus Antonius at Actium
30 Marcus Antonius’ and Cleopatra’s Double Suicide &
Annexation of Egypt by Rome
27 Octavian Augustus Proclaimed Emperor & Start of "Pax
Romana" for 200 Years
24 Unsuccessful Roman Attempt to Establish Trades Routes to
the East via Arabia
20 Visit of Roman Historian Diodorus Siculus to Egypt &
Parts of Cilicia Annexed to Cappadocia
10 Birth of Claudius Caesar
8 Implementation by Augustus Caesar of the Egyptian Julian
Calendar,
Introducing Leap-Year Intercalary Modifications
6 Birth of Hestiaeus Apollonius Menodotus, Brother of
Apollonius of Tyana
5 Approximate Commencement of the Writing of
Biblioteke Istorike by Diodorus Siculus, Including Mention
of Atlantis
Birth of Apollonius Tyanaeus
3 Births of Apollonius Apollonius Menodotus in Tyana,
Cappadocia &
John The Baptist, Son of Zacharias and Elizabeth, in Hebron,
Palestine &
Jesus Barabbas of Nazareth, Son of "Father Superior" Joseph
and "Virgin" Mary in Bethlehem
2 Death of Herod, The Great & Accession of Archelaus Herod
in Palestine
1 Approximate Birth of Damis ("Saint Jude Didymus Thomas")
in Ninevah, Assyria
0 Retrograde Beginning of the Christian "Anno Domini"
Calendar of Pope Leo I,
Associate and Friend of Apollinaris Sidonius Around 460 CE,
Revived and Promulgated by Friar Denys le Petit in 526 CE
1 Approximate Birth of "Apollonius Archibius" in Alexandria
2 Approximate Births of Saul/Paul in Tarsus & Simon Magus in
Gytheion
6 Accession of Herod Antipas in Palestine
9 Birth of Vespasian in Italy
11 Apollonius’ Studying in Tarsus & First Possible Meeting
with Paul
12 Apollonius’ Studying Pythagorean Philosophy in Aegae &
Birth of Gaius Caligula Caesar
13 Commencement of Apollonius’ Vegetarian Pythagorean
Lifestyle
14 Death and Imperial Deification of Augustus & Coronation
of Tiberius
15 Paul’s Move from Tarsus to Jerusalem for His Hebrew
Education
16 Accession of Artabanus in Babylonia/Parthia
17 Annexation of Cappadocia by Tiberius,
Dissolution of the Cappadocian Royal Line,
Caesarea (Modern Kayseri, Türkiye) Made Cappadocian Capital
&
Death of Apollonius’ Father in Tyana
18 Start of Apollonius’ Five Years of Silence
19 Approximate Birth of Apion in Alexandria
23 End of Apollonius’ Five Years of Silence & His Departure
for Antioch and
Subsequent Departure for Babylon, Joined by Damis in Nineveh
&
Their Arrival in Babylon in the Late Autumn
24 Visit of Apollonius and Damis to the Babylonian Palace of
King Artabanus and Crown-Prince Vardanes &
Midday/Midnight Meetings of Apollonius with the Babylonian
Magi
25 Departure of Apollonius and Damis from Babylon in the
Summer &
Arrival at the Palace of King Phraotes in Taxila, India, in
the Late Autumn
Saint Issa’s Visit to the Himalayas
26 Departure of Apollonius and Damis from India in the Early
Spring and
Their Return to Babylon in the Late Spring or Early Summer,
Appointment of Pontius Pilate as Procurator in Jerusalem &
Commencement of the Elkhasaite Ministry of John The Baptist
in Palestine
27 Baptism of "The Anointed Savior" by John The Baptist in
the River Jordan
29 Beheading of John The Baptist in Palestine &
Alleged Correspondence Between "The Anointed Savior" and
King Abgar of Edessa
30 Skullduggery and Crucifixion in Jerusalem,
With the Collusion of Cappadocian-Roman Soldier Longinus at
Golgotha,
Death-Row Pardon ("Resurrection") of Jewish Revolutionary
Jesus Barabbas
by Pontius Pilate & Apollonius’ Disappearance from Palestine
(His "Ascension into Heaven")
The "Resurrection" & The Shroud of Turin
31 Arrival of Apollonius and Damis in Alexandria
33 Founding of the First Assyrian Christian Community by
Thomas and Thaddeus
34 Approximate Date of the Martyrdom of Saint Stephen
35 Approximate Writing by Apollonius of Initiations, or On
Sacrifices
36 Death of Pontius Pilate
37 Death of Tiberius, Coronation of Caligula,
Conversion of Paul on the Road to Damascus &
Births of Josephus in Jerusalem and Nero at Antium
38 First Jewish-Pagan Riots in Alexandria & Paul’s Visit to
Arabia
39 Accession of Vardanes in Babylonia/Parthia &
Approximate Arrival of Apion in Greece
Approximate Writing by Apollonius ("The Egyptian
Soothsayer") of
The Age of the World & His Prophecy of Caligula’s Death
40 Paul’s "First Visit" to Jerusalem and Subsequent
Departure for Tarsus &
Approximate Accession of Gotarzes in Babylon,
Following Civil War with His Brother Vardanes
41 Murder of Caligula and Caesonia, Coronation of Claudius &
Accession of Herod Agrippa I in Palestine
42 Paul’s Departure for Antioch & Approximate Writing of
The Homeric Lexicon of Apollonius to the Iliad and the
Odyssey
Supposedly Attributed to Apion and "Apollonius Archibius" of
Alexandria
at the School of "Didymus"
43 Commencement of Roman Rule in Britain &
Probable Restoration to the Throne of Vardanes in Babylon
44 Apollonius’ Visit to Athens for the Epadaurian and
Dionysiac Festivals,
Paul’s "Second Visit" to Jerusalem & Death of Herod Agrippa
I
45 Apollonius’ Visit to Sparta for the Olympic Games &
Approximate Visits by Paul and Barnabbas to Iconium (Modern
Konya,
Türkiye), Lyaconia and Perga, Pamphylia
Visit by Apollonius to Alpheius in Poseidion & Eleian Gates
of Hades
46 Apollonius’ Visit to Thera and Crete at the Time of the
Earthquake &
Birth of Biographer Plutarch
47 Death of Vardanes, King of Babylonia/Parthia
48 Execution of Roman Empress Messalina
49 Expulsion of "Chrestus" and the Jewish Agitators from
Rome by Emperor Claudius
50 Burial Shroud of "Jesus" Taken from Jerusalem, Palestine,
to Edessa, Assyria by Thaddeus ("Addai" in Aramaic)
(approximate date)
51 Paul’s "Third Visit" to Jerusalem & Josephus’ Meeting
with the Jewish Priests
52 Simon Magus’ Sojourn in Rome &
Claudius’ Dedication of the Tiber River Statue of Simon
53 Commencement of Josephus’ 3-Year Sojourn in the
Wilderness with Ascetic Banus
54 Death of Claudius, Coronation of Nero & Arrival of Paul
in Ephesus
55 Approximate Writing by "High Priest of Cilicia"
Apollonius of the
"Mysteries of Orpheus" and "History of Caria & Poseidion",
Mentioned Subsequently by Stephanus of Byzantium
56 Josephus’ Return to Jerusalem
57 Departure of Paul for Corinth & First Letter of Paul to
the Corinthians:
"For when one says ’I belong to Paul’ and another says ’I
belong to Apollos’,
are you not merely men? What then is Apollos? What then is
Paul?
Servants through whom you believed, as the Lord assigned to
each.
I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth." I
Corinthians 3:4-6
"Now if Christ is preached as raised from the dead, how can
some of you say that
there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there is no
resurrection of the dead,
then Christ has not been raised; if Christ has not been
raised, then our
preaching is in vain and your faith is in vain. We are even
found to be
misrepresenting God, because we testified of God that he
raised Christ, whom he
did not raise if it is true that the dead are not raised.
For if the dead are not
raised, then Christ has not been raised. If Christ has not
been raised,
your faith is futile and you are still in your sins." I
Corinthians 15:12-17
58 Paul’s "Last Visit" to Jerusalem and Arrival in Caesarea
Maritima
59 Accidental Death of Simon Magus in Rome (approximate
date)
60 Arrest of Paul in Caesarea, His Removal to Rome as a
Prisoner &
His Shipwreck in Malta
61 Arrival of Paul in Rome & His Epistle to the Ephesians:
"Ye walked according to the Aeon of this world, according to
the Archon
that has the domination of the air. We wrestle not against
flesh and blood,
but against the dominations, the powers, the lords of
darkness,
the mischievousness of spirits in the Upper Regions."
Ephesians 2:2, 6:12
62 Approximate Writing by "Apollonius of Laodicea" of
Astrologia Apotelesmatica,
Condemning Certain Errors in Egyptian Astronomical
Calculations, a Work
Subsequently Documented by Historian and Praetor A.
Fabricius Veiento in His
Codicilli, Which Resulted in Fabricius’ Banishment from Rome
by Nero and the
Burning of All His Books
63 Apollonius’ and Damis’ Departure for Rome,
Paul’s Release from his First Imprisonment &
Visit of Josephus to Rome
Apollonius Brought to Trial Before Nero
64 First Burning of Rome, Commencement of the Christian
Persecutions by Nero &
Flight of Apollonius and Paul from Rome to Spain
65 Departure of Paul from Spain to Greece and Ionia
66 Commencement of the First Roman-Jewish War,
Return of Paul to Rome in Captivity &
Appointment of Josephus as Jewish Military Commander
67 Second Imprisonment and Beheading of Paul in Rome,
Surrender of Josephus to Roman General Vespasian &
Departure of Apollonius from Spain to North Africa and
Sicily
68 Imprisonment of Josephus by Vespasian, Suicide of Nero &
Accession of Galba, Otho and Vitellius in Rome
69 Meeting(s) of Apollonius and Vespasian in Alexandria,
Coronation of Vespasian as Emperor, Release of Josephus from
Prison,
Apollonius’ and Damis’ Visit to the Egyptian Gymnosophists
and Ethiopia &
Deployment of Roman Troops from Cappadocia to Jerusalem
Visit by Apollonius to Apollinopolis Magna and Parva, Egypt,
(Site of the Temples of Nommo, Lord of Heaven, and
Harpocrates; and
Home of the Enemies of the "The Crocodile Worshippers")
Whilst Enroute to the Eastern Ethiopian Cities of
Apollinopolis Megabari and Apollonos Hydreium,
Axum, Location of the "The Table of the Sun"
70 Roman Conquest of Jerusalem and Masada
by Roman Generals Titus and also now Josephus,
Destruction of Jerusalem & End of the House of Herod in
Palestine
First Dispersion of the Christians from Jerusalem to
Cappadocia &
Writing of "The Gospel of Mark"
71 Josephus’ Move to Rome as "Flavius Josephus"
72 Period of Saint Ignatius, Bishop of Antioch
73 Approximate Return of Apollonius to Tyana
74 Approximate Period of Phrygian-Ionian Sculptors and
Brothers
Apollonius and Tauriscus of Tralles, Who Created the "Farnese
Bull",
Subsequently Moved from Rhodes to the Baths of Caracalla in
Rome and
Presently Displayed at the National Museum of Napoli, Italy;
Bronze Head of the Hero, Found at Herculaneum; and the Torso
of Hercules
Presently Displayed at the Belvedere Museum in Rome &
Also Approximate Period of Nicomedeian Sculptors and
Brothers
Menodotus and Diodotus, Who Also Sculpted a Statue of
Hercules
[Coincidence? I don’t think so. These sculptors were
Hestiaeus & Apollonius. RS]
75 Approximate Meeting of Apollonius and Titus at Tyana
76 Birth of Hadrian in Rome
77 Approximate Writing by Apollonius of Testaments, Oracles
& Epistles
78 Publication in Greek of the Original Aramaic The Jewish
War by Josephus &
Commencement of the Indian Saka Calendar
79 Accession of Titus in Rome &
Eruption by Mount Vesuvius, Destroying Pompeii and
Herculaneum
80 Dedication of the Colosseum by Titus & Second Burning of
Rome
81 Death of Titus & Coronation of Domitian
85 Writing of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke
Approximate Medical-Biological Writings by Several Obscure
First-Century Physicians Apparently Named "Apollonius", Such
As
Apollonius Pitanaeus, Apollonius Tarsensus, Apollonius
Cyprius,
Apollonius Glaucus, Apollonius Archistrator, Apollonius
Claudius,
Apollonius Biblas and Apollonius Organicus
86 Obtaining by Apollonius of "The Book of Pythagoras" ("The
Emerald Tablet" )
at the Hermetic Cave of Trophonius in Ionia
87 Approximate Writing by Apollonius of Life of Pythagoras
Approximate Writing by Apollonius (Dyscolos?) of De Secretis
Nature
Gathered from Writings by Aristotle, Theophrastus and Others
88 "Marriage" of Apollonius and Seleucis in Seleucia?
89 Birth of Alexander Peloplaton, Son of Seleucis and
"Adopted Son" of Apollonius
(approximate date)
90 Approximate Birth of Apollonius’ First Biographer
Moeragenes
91 Oracle of Platonist Philosopher "Apollonius The Syrian",
Promising Hadrian the Rule of Rome (approximate date)
Apollonius Brought to Trial Before Domitian
92 Ionian Revolt Against Rome by Apollonius’ Followers,
Surrender of Apollonius to Rome,
Apollonius’ Imprisonment in Rome by Domitian &
Apollonius’ Disappearance from Rome and Return to Greece
93 Publication of Jewish Antiquities by Josephus
94 Apollonius’ Final Move to Ephesus
95 Writing of the Gospel of John &
Approximate Writing by Josephus of Contra Apion
96 Assassination of Domitian, Coronation of Nerva &
Dedication of the Roman Arena
Death of Apollonius Tyanaeus
"Live unobserved; but if that cannot be, slip unobserved
from life."
97 Death of Apollonius of Tyana at Ephesus &
Appointment of Favorinus as Teacher of Alexander Peloplaton
("The Clay-Plato")
98 Death of Nerva & Accession of Trajan in Rome
99 Approximate Dedication of the First Roman Mithraeum
100 Writing of the Gospel of Saint "Damis" at the Schola
Persica in Edessa, Assyria
101 Era of Christian Bishop Clement of Rome &
Approximate Birth of Herodes Atticus at Marathon,
Most Prominent Sophist of the Second Century and Teacher of
Other Sophists
102 Approximate Death of Saint "Damis" in India
103 Approximate Death of Josephus in Rome
104 Period of Historians Tacitus and Suetonius in Rome
105 Publication of Apollonius in Aegae by Maximus Aegiensis,
Contemporary of Apollonius of Tyana
107 Erection of Statue to Flavius Josephus in Rome
(approximate date)
108 Birth of Alexander Paphlagonaeus of Abonoteichos,
Successor of Apollonius and
Student of Alexander Peloplaton (approximate date)
110 Martyrdom of Saint Ignatius of Antioch in the Arena
115 Second Jewish-Pagan Riots in Alexandria
116 Third Jewish-Pagan Riots in Alexandria
117 Accession of Hadrian in Rome
118 History’s First House-to-House Postal Delivery Service
Initiated in Rome
(approximate date)
119 Approximate Acquisition by Hadrian of "The Hermetic
Emerald Tablet"
Obtained by Apollonius at the Orphic Cave of Trophonius in
86 or 87
120 Death of Biographer Plutarch
125 Period of Sophist and Lecturer Chrestus of Byzantium in
Athens
130 Birth of Celebrated Greco-Roman Physician Galenus,
Friend of the Severan Family
132 Bar Cochba Revolt in Jerusalem &
Commencement of the Second Roman-Jewish War
133 Justin Martyr’s Conversion to Christianity (approximate
date)
135 Total Roman Victory in Palestine & Expulsion of the Jews
from Jerusalem
Commencement of the Jewish Diaspora &
Scientific Beginning of the Astronomical "Age of Pisces"
138 Accession of Antoninus Pius in Rome
139 Philosophical Instruction of Marcus Aurelius in Rome
by Apollonius of Chalcis, also known as "Apollonius of
Nicomedia",
often confused with Apollonius Dyscolos, the "Ill-Tempered
Man"
(approximate date)
140 Approximate Publication of The Historical Forgeries by
Apollonius Dyscolos
141 Approximate Arrival of Alexander Peloplaton in Rome
144 Expulsion from the Church of the Heretic Marcion
145 Approximate Visit by Alexander Peloplaton to the
Gymnosophists of Egypt
146 Birth of Septimius Severus in Libya
148 Spread of Mithraism into Germany
150 Emergence of Heretical Gnostic Cainitism,
Carpocratianism, Encratism & Marcionism
155 Publication of Life of Apollonius by Moeragenes,
Four Volumes (approximate date)
156 Lucian’s "Satire" on the Disciple of Apollonius
(approximate date)
157 Approximate Death of Apollonius Dyscolos, the
"Ill-Tempered Man"
160 Rome Meeting Between Christian Leaders
Polycarpus of Smyrna and Irenaeus of Lyon (approximate date)
161 Accession of Marcus Aurelius in Rome
163 Approximate Appointment by Marcus Aurelius of Alexander
Peloplaton as
"Imperial Secretary for the Greeks"
164 Approximate Birth of Julia Domna Bassianus in Emesa,
Syria
165 Period of Rhetorical Writer Lucianus of Samosata,
Who Referred to "The Anointed Savior" as "The Crucified
Sophist"
167 Period of the Magician Apuleius of Medaura, Author of
The Golden Ass,
Acquaintance of Marcus Aurelius and Libyan Kinsman of
Septimius Severus
169 Writings by Apuleius of Medaura Concerning Apollonius of
Tyana
(approximate date)
170 Prosady, Dedicated to Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, by
Aelius Herodianus,
Son of Apollonius Dyscolos of Alexandria (approximate date)
171 Meeting of Marcus Aurelius and Sophist Herodes Atticus
at Sirmium
172 Birth of Flavius Philostratus (Elder) in Lemnios, Greece
173 Period of Claudius Apollinaris, Bishop of Hierapolis in
Phrygia,
Author of Apology for the Christian Faith, Dedicated to
Marcus Aurelius
175 Approximate Deaths of Alexander Peloplaton,
Alexander Paphlagonaeus of Abonoteichus, Moeragenes &
Tatianus The Syrian ("Kinsman" of Damis?)
177 Christian Apology of Athenagoras to Emperor Marcus
Aurelius &
Irenaeus, "The Father of the New Testament", Made Bishop of
Lyon
179 Approximate Death of Sophist Herodes Atticus
180 Accession of Commodus Hercules in Rome and Imperial
Sanctioning of Mithraism
181 Period of Sophists Chrestus of Byzantium and Adrianus of
Tyre,
Who Was Private Secretary of Emperor Commodus,
Both of Whose Sophist Lives Were Chronicled by Flavius
Philostratus in 237 CE
182 Approximate Education of Apollonius of Naucratis,
as Pupil of Sophists Chrestus and Adrianus
186 Marriage of Julia Domna of Syria and Future Emperor
Septimius Severus of Rome
187 Philostratus’ Studying in Athens
188 Birth of Caracalla in Lyon
189 Birth of Geta in Milano & Approximate Birth of
Philostratus (Younger, Nephew of Flavius Philostratus) in
Lemnios,
Author of Imagines and Heroicus
191 Philostratus’ Arrival in Rome & Commencement of His
Instruction by
Antipater, Syrian Sophist and Friend of Julia Domna
192 Accession of Pertinax in Rome
193 Accession of Emperor Septimius Severus & Empress Julia
Domna in Rome
194 Approximate Acquisition by Julia Domna
of the Scrapbook of Damis (From Tatianus, The Syrian?)
195 Commission of Philostratus by Julia Domna
for the Biography of Apollonius of Tyana
196 Conquest and Rebuilding of Byzantium by Emperor
Septimius Severus
197 Approximate Martyrdom of Roman Senator "Apollonius,
Bishop of Ephesus",
Who Wrote an Exposé Against the Christian Sect of
Cataphryges,
Which Writing was Later Denounced by Tertullian
198 Elevation of Caracalla to "Augustus" by Septimius
Severus
199 Approximate Death of Physician Galen
200 Female Gladiators Banned from the Arena
201 Period of Christian Apologist Tertullian
202 Commencement of Christian Persecutions by Septimius
Severus
203 Period of Roman Historian Dion Cassius, Friend of the
Severan Family
204 Period of Roman Philosopher and Historian Ammonius
Saccus
205 Christianity Firmly Established in Caesarea, Cappadocia
(Now Kayseri, Türkiye)
208 Emergence of Heretical Monarchianism
209 Period of Christian Church Father Clement of Alexandria
210 End of Christian Persecutions by Septimius Severus
211 Accession of Julia Domna’s Sons Caracalla and Geta in
Rome
212 Caracalla’s Murder of Geta in the Presence of Julia
Domna,
Administrative Empress of Rome
213 Thessalian Sophist and Rhetorician Philiscus Ordered to
Rome by Caracalla &
Granting of Exemption from Public Service by Carcalla to
Philostratus Younger
(approximate date)
214 Caracalla’s Erection of a Shrine to Apollonius in Tyana
&
Proclamation Elevating Tyana to an Official Status as
"Colony of Rome"
(approximate date)
215 Record by Dion Cassius of Caracalla’s Visit to Tyana
(approximate date)
216 Birth of Manes in Assyria/Parthia
217 Self-Starvation Suicide of Empress Julia Domna,
Following the Murder of Caracalla
218 Accession of Bassianus Heliogabalus in Rome,
Grand-Nephew of Julia Domna
219 Heyday of Heretical Sabellianism
The Life of Apollonius of Tyana
220 Completion of the Original Greek Manuscript
The Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Flavius Philostratus
222 Accession of Alexander Severus in Rome
226 Commencement of the Kingdom of the Sassanidae in Parthia/Persia
230 Restoration of the Colosseum by Alexander Severus
231 Approximate Birth of Neo-Platonist Christian Antagonist
Porphyrius
237 Completion of Lives of the Sophists by Flavius
Philostratus
238 Period of Christian Apologist Origen’s Travels and
Conspiracies in Cappadocia
240 Commencement of Christosite Manichaeism by Manes in
Assyria/Parthia
242 Acceptance of Manichaeism by Parthian King Shapour I
244 Accession of Philip The Arabian in Rome
246 Approximate Death of Flavius Philostratus
247 Porphyrius’ Studies in Athens as Pupil of Platonists
Syrian Dionysius Cassius Longinus and Apollonius of Athens
(approximate date)
1000th Anniversary of the Founding of Rome
248 One-Thousandth Anniversary of Rome &
Imperial Celebration by Emperor Philip The Arabian
249 Violent Persecutions of Christians by Roman Emperor
Decius
250 Period of "The Thirty Tyrants" in Rome, Ending with the
Accession of Diocletian
251 First Arrival of Porphyrius in Rome (approximate date)
253 Heretics Sempronius, Olympius, Theodolus and Exuperia
Burned Alive at Rome’s Sun-God Temple & Death of Origen
264 Birth of Church Father Bishop Eusebius in Caesarea
Maritima, Palestine
267 Coronation of Tetricus as Roman Emperor in Bordeaux,
"The Little Rome"
270 Accession of Aurelian in Rome
271 Aurelian’s Peaceful Invasion of Tyana & Erection of a
Shrine to Apollonius
272 Ouster of Heretical Bishop Paul of Samosata by the
Christian Council of Antioch
274 Syrian Neo-Platonist Iamblichus’ Studies as Pupil of
Porphyrius
275 Approximate Publication of Against The Christians by
Porphyrius of Tyre,
Favorable to Apollonius and Pythagorean Philosophies
276 Conquest and Destruction of Bordeaux by the Visigoths
277 Approximate Imprisonment of Manes by Parthian
Zoroastrian King Vahram I
278 Approximate Death of Manes in Prison, Commonly Called
His "Crucifixion"
284 Diocletian Proclaimed Emperor of Rome
285 Approximate Writing of Life of Pythagoras by Nicomachus
Gerasenus,
Mentioning Apollonius of Tyana
290 Enlargement by Diocletian of the Roman Mithraeum
(approximate date)
292 Period of Iamblichus’ Pythagorean Writings such as Life
of Pythagoras,
A Pagan Gospel, Intended to Challenge Christianity,
Favorable to Apollonius and Citing the Work of Nicomachus
Gerasenus
293 West-East Administrative Division of the Roman Empire
300 Period of Biographer Flavius Vopiscus, Who Mentioned
Apollonius and
Promised an Apollonius Latin Biography, Which Never Was
Written
301 Publication of Lover of Truth (Apollonius as Christ) by
Hierocles,
Neo-Platonist Roman Consul to Alexandria
302 Publication of Life of Apollonius by Soterichus
(approximate date)
303 Commencement of the Great Christian Persecution by
Emperor Diocletian &
Flight of Eusebius from Antioch and Caesarea Maritima to
Alexandria &
Eusebius’ Brief Imprisonment by the Romans in Alexandria
(approximate date)
304 Christian Apology by Arnobius The Elder,
Including Mention of Apollonius Amongst "The Magi"
(approximate date)
305 Publication of Heiros Logos by Hierocles,
or The Golden Verses of Pythagoras (approximate date)
306 Constantine Proclaimed Emperor of Rome
308 Approximate Birth in Alexandria of Christian Presbyter
Apollinaris The Elder,
Author and Father of Apollinaris The Younger, Bishop of
Laodicea, Syria
309 Approximate Birth of Christian Philosopher and Roman
Consul
Decimus Magnus Ausonius in Bordeaux, Son of Physician Julius
Ausonius and
Friend of Contemporary Grammarian and Poet Citerius Sidonius
of Bordeaux,
Possible Maternal Great-Uncle of Apollinaris Sidonius
310 Period of Biographer Aelius Lampridius,
Who Mentioned the Statue of Apollonius at the Palace of
Alexander Severus
311 Period of Catholic Church Father Lactantius,
Who Attacked Hierocles’ Comparison of Apollonius with
"Christ Jesus"
312 Constantine’s Victory at the Milvian Bridge
313 End of the Great Christian Persecution
314 Christian-Manichaeism Introduced at Rome
315 Eusebius Appointed Bishop of Caesarea Maritima,
Palestine
316 Eusebius’ Treatise Against Hierocles (approximate date)
320 Colosseum Struck by Lightning
324 Reunion of the Empire by Constantine I, The Great, as
Sole Ruler
The Council of Nicaea
325 Ecumenical Council of Nicaea in Bithynia
329 Birth of Basil, The Great Saint, in Cappadocia
330 Dedication of Constantinople as Imperial Capital &
Official Adoption of Christianity by the Roman Empire, West
and East
333 Approximate Birth of Heretical Bishop Apollinaris The
Younger in Laodicea, Syria
335 Assembling and Collation of Zoroastrian Teachings into
the Zend Avesta by
Sassanidae Persian King Shapour II (approximate date)
337 Death of Emperor Constantine &
Accession of Constantine II, Constans I and Constantius II
340 Approximate Death of Bishop Eusebius, "Father of
Ecclesiastical Catholic History"
341 Ecumenical Council of Antioch
342 Ecumenical Council of Sardica (Sofia)
346 Birth of Anti-Christian Philosopher Eunapius at Sardis
350 Accession of Constantius II, as Sole Ruler
354 Disappearance of the Statue of Nero from the Roman Arena
&
Birth of Saint Augustine
356 Byzantine Missionary Dispatched to Arabia
360 Ecumenical Council of Constantinople
361 Accession of Julian The Apostate in Rome,
Julian’s Condemnation of Christianity &
Re-introduction of Mithraism as Rome’s "Official" Religion
362 Julian’s Unfortunate Destruction of the "Statue of
Christ" (Apollonius!)
at Paneas (Caesarea Phillipi, Phoenicia)
363 Ecumenical Council of Tyana & Accession of Jovian in
Rome
364 Accession of Valens in Constantinople
365 Period of Apollinarius The Younger, Bishop of Laodicea
in Syria,
Founder of the Anti-Arian Apollinarist Christian Sect and
Writer of 30 Books Against Porphyrius
366 Persecution of Orthodox Christians by Roman "Arian"
Emperor Valens
370 Saint Basil Appointed Bishop of Caesarea and
Metropolitan Ruler of Cappadocia
371 Political Conflict Between Valens and Basil & Anti-Arian
Activities by Basil
372 Division of Cappadocia into Two Provinces &
Bishop of Tyana Made Metropolitan Ruler & Proclamation by
Valens
Making Tyana the Metropolitan "Capital City" of Cappadocia
373 Acceptance of Manichaeism by Saint Augustine
374 Religious Enmity and Conflict Between Basil, Bishop of
Caesarea (Cappadocia),
and Athimius, Bishop of Tyana?
375 Birth of Eutyches & Basil’s Attack on the Re-emergence
of Sabellianism
376 End of Valens’ Rule
377 Greek Sophist Eunapius’ Publication of Lives of the
Philosophers and Sophists,
Favorably Mentioning Apollonius Tyanaeus in a Companion Book
to
Philostratus’ Lives of the Sophists (approximate date)
379 Death of Basil, The Great Saint & Accession of
Theodosius I in Constantinople
380 Adoption of Mainstream "Catholic" (that is, "Universal")
Christianity
by Roman Emperor Gratian and Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I
Founding of the Catholic Church
381 First Council of Constantinople, Formally Adopting the
Nicaean Creed of the
Council of Nicaea, Prohibiting the Worship of Arianism and
Manichaeism (under threat of death) & Establishment of the
Catholic Church
382 Approximate Birth of Apollinaris, Roman Prefect to Gaul,
Grandfather of Apollinaris Sidonius
385 Approximate Birth (Near Coastal Laodicea) of Nemesius of
Emesa, Syria,
Hometown of Julia Domna and Her Aunt Julia Mamaea and
Grand-Nephew Roman Emperor Alexander Severus
386 Period of Christian Bishop Cyril of Jerusalem
389 Public Mob-Murder of Hypatia & Destruction of the Temple
of Serapis and
the Library at Alexandria by Emperor Theodosius
390 Approximate Death of Christian Philosopher Ausonius in
Bordeaux
391 Approximate Death of Bishop Apollonius The Younger in
Syria
392 Prohibition Against All "Pagan Worship" in the Entire
Roman Empire
394 Death of the Anomoean Philosopher Eumonius
395 End of the Traditional Roman Empire,
Its Division into West and East, With Egypt Under Byzantine
Rule &
Accessions of Honorius in the West and Arcadius in the East
400 Christianity Firmly Established in Tarsus, Cilicia
401 Publication of The Confessions by Saint Augustine &
Burning of the Libri Sibyllini by Stilicho
402 Approximate Publication of Universal History by
Philosopher Eunapius
403 Approximate Birth of Apollinaris, Roman Prefect to Gaul,
Father of Apollinaris Sidonius
404 Martyrdom of Saint Telemachus
405 Abolition of the Gladiatorial Games by Western Emperor
Honorius
407 Period of Christian Apologist Saint John "Dion"
Chrysostom, "The Golden-Tongued"
Who Referred to Apollonius as an "Evil-Doer" and "Deceiver"
409 Letter from Augustine to Deogratias Concerning
Apollonius of Tyana and
Apuleius of Medaura
410 Sack of Rome by the Vandal Alaric & End of Roman Rule in
Britain
412 Correspondence Between Augustine and Marcellinus
Regarding Apollonius of Tyana and Apuleius of Medaura
414 Approximate Death of Philosopher and Writer Eunapius
415 Period of Roman Christian Historian Salaminius Hermias
Sozomen
420 Period of Christian Apologist Saint Jerome (Hieronymus),
Who Nevertheless Referred Favorably to Apollonius of Tyana
421 Aristotelian-Christian Nemesius Made Bishop of Emesa
(approximate date)
422 Colosseum Damaged by Earthquake
424 Revolt of the Nestorian Persian Church
425 Publication by Bishop Nemesius of Emesa of Works
Concerning Aristotle and
"The Emerald Tablet"
426 Condemnations of Apollonius Tyanaeus by
Christians Isidorus of Pelusium and the "Pseudo-Justin"
428 Appointment of Nestorius as Bishop of Constantinople
429 Approximate Birth of Apollinaris Sidonius in Burgus/Bordeaux
430 Death of Saint Augustine, Bishop of Hippo
431 Ecumenical Council of Ephesus, Condemning the Nestorian
Semi-Divine
Perception of the Christ & Exile of Nestorius
448 Catholic Condemnation of Eutychianism
451 Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, Proclaiming the True
Divinity of "Jesus" &
Excommunication of Dioscorus
452 Approximate Death of the Heretic Nestorius
453 Approximate Marriage of Apollinaris Sidonius to
Papianilla,
Daughter of Future Roman Emperor Avitus
454 Death of Eutyches
455 Sack of Rome by the Barbarian Vandals
456 Accession of Flavius Avitus in Rome
457 Writings about Apollonius of Tyana, Dedicated Favorably
to Pope Leo I,
by Apollinaris Sidonius of Burgus/Bordeaux
458 Ambassadorship of Apollinaris Sidonius from Gaul/France
to Rome &
His Meeting with Bishop Nemesius of Emesa (approximate date)
461 Death of Pope Leo I & Approximate Death of Bishop
Nemesius
468 Conversion of Apollinaris Sidonius (Saint Sidoine) to
Catholicism
474 Accession of Zeno in Constantinople
475 Accession of Romulus Augustulus in Rome, Last of the
Western Roman Emperors
476 Commencement of Byzantine Rule in the Western Empire &
End of the Roman Imperial Line
485 Approximate Death of Apollinaris Sidonius, Bishop of
Claremont &
End of the Christian Apollinarist Sect
486 Reaffirmation by Babai of the Nestorian Nature
of the Assyrian/Persian Manichaean Christosite Church
500 Favorable Mention by Christian Historian Cassiodorus of
Apollonius Tyanaeus
The European Dark Ages
508 Colosseum Damaged by Earthquake
521 Byzantine-Inspired Monophysite-Abyssinian Invasion of
Arabia
523 Last Recorded Animal Games at the Colosseum
525 Publication of Geographical Lexicon Ethnika by Stephanus
of Byzantium,
Citing History of Caria & Poseidion by Apollonius of "Aphrodisius,
Cilicia"
526 "Anno Domini" Prefaced to Western Dating, After Ideas by
Friar Denys le Petit,
Conforming to the Thoughts of Pope Leo I,
Starting the Christian Calendar at Traditional Roman Year
753,
Approximating the Augustan Beginning of the Julian Calendar
535 Commencement of War Between Rome and Constantinople
537 Founding of the Monastery of Vivarium in Calabria,
Italy, by Cassiodorus &
Commencement of Cassiodorus’ Grand Library Project
550 Visit by Cassidorus to Constantinople
554 Recapture of Italy by the Byzantines &
Inauguration of Ravenna as the New Capital of the West
567 Completion of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem,
Built Over the "Grotto" or "Cave" where "Jesus" Was Born,
But John The Baptist, Not "Jesus", Was Born in a "Grotto"
570 Birth of Mohammed in Mecca & Persian Conquest of Arabia
from Abyssinia
582 Accession of Mauritius in Constantinople
590 Unsuccessful Byzantine Attempt to Gain Control of Mecca
595 Marriage of Mohammed and Khadijah
610 First Revelations of The Quran & Accession of Heraclius
I in Constantinople
613 Commencement of Mohammed’s Ministry
614 Nestorian-Christian Persian Conquest of Jerusalem and
the Levant
628 Orthodox-Christian Byzantine Reconquest of Jerusalem and
the Levant
622 The Hegira & Commencement of the Islamic Lunar Calendar
624 Marriage of Ali and Fatima & Jewish Attack on the
Philosophies of Mohammed
630 Recapture of Jerusalem by Constantinople &
Restoration of the Holy Rood to Jerusalem
632 Death of Mohammed in Medina & Leadership of Abubakir
638 Arabian-Saracen Conquest of Jerusalem &
Moslem Worship, as well as Christian, First Allowed in the
Church of the Nativity at Bethlehem
641 Arabian-Saracen Conquest of Egypt by Omar I
650 Finalization of The Quran by the
Islamic Hierarchy of Priests
"And their saying, We did kill the
Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary,
the Messenger of Allah; whereas they slew him not, nor
crucified him,
but he was made to appear to them like one crucified; and
those who differ
therein are certainly in a state of doubt about it; they
have no definite
knowledge thereof, but only follow a conjecture;
and they did not convert this conjecture into a certainty;
on the contrary, Allah exalted him to Himself, and Allah is
Mighty, Wise."
Chapter Nisa’a, Sura IV
651 Arabian-Saracen Conquest of Persia, End of the Kingdom
of the Sassanidae &
Replacement of Zoroastrianism by Islam and the Avesta by The
Quran
670 Arabian-Saracen Conquest and Destruction of Tyana,
Cappadocia
675 Christosite Manichaeism Introduced in China
681 Condemnation of the Monophysite Heresy
by the Catholic Sixth Ecumenical Council
714 Complete Moslem Conquest of Spain
721 Approximate Birth of Jabir Ibn Hayyan,
"The Father of Arab Chemistry", in Tus, Iran (Assyria)
762 Adoption of Manichaeism by the Uighur Turkic Kingdom of
Western China
798 Council of Rome, Condemning Adoptionism
800 Coronation of Charlemagne at St. Peter’s Cathedral in
Rome,
Ending the Byzantine Rule of the West &
Commencement of the Holy Roman Empire
801 Era of Assyrian Scientist Job of Edessa & Jabir Ibn
Hayyan’s Book Concerning
Balinas The Wise (Apollonius) and "The Emerald Tablet" ("Tabula
Smaragdina")
810 Publication of Chronographia by Byzantine Abbas Georgius
Syncellus,
Favorably Mentioning Apollonius Tyanaeus (approximate date)
815 Approximate Death of Jabir Ibn Hayyan in Kufa, Iraq
(Assyria)
840 Destruction of the Uighur Kingdom by the Kirghiz Turks
843 Prohibition Against Manichaeism in China
846 Buddhism Replaced by Confucianism in China
944 Burial Shroud of "Jesus" Moved from Edessa to
Constantinople
950 The Homeric Lexicon of Apollonius to the Iliad and the
Odyssey
Supposedly Attributed to Apion and "Apollonius Archibius" of
Alexandria
at the School of "Didymus", Republished in Constantinople
(approximate date),
Later to Fall into the Hands of le Comte de St.-Germain
around 1750 CE
1057 Period of Greek Monk Georgius Cedrenus, Compiler of
Historical Synopsis
1071 Turkish Conquest of Ionia & Replacement of
Greek by Turkish as the Official Language
1075 Condemnation of Apollonius Tyanaeus in
Byzantine Monk Xiphilinus of Trapezus’ Abridgement of Dion
Cassius’ Histories,
Written at the Request of Eastern Emperor Michael VII, Ducas
The European Middle Ages
1096 Commencement of the First Crusade
1099 Jerusalem Captured by Catholic Crusaders
1145 Period of Greek Grammarian Joannes Tzetzes in
Constantinople,
Author of The Homeric Allegories [cf. Morel, 1610 &
Villoison, 1773]
1147 Commencement of the Second Crusade
1150 Balinas/Apollonius Writings by Hugues de Santalla ("Geber")
in Toledo, Spain,
Regarding Aristotle’s "Secretum Secretorum" and "The Emerald
Tablet"
1187 Arab-Moslem Reconquest of Jerusalem
1189 Commencement of the Third Crusade
1200 Period of Byzantine Historian Acominatus Choniates
Nicetas of Phrygia,
Who Wrote About the Christian Destruction of
Constantinople’s "Bronze Doors",
Considered as "Pagan Icons" Dedicated to Apollonius of Tyana
1202 Commencement of the Fourth Crusade
1204 Sack of Constantinople by Crusaders
1208 Commencement of the 36-Year Albigensian Crusade by Pope
Innocent III
1244 Extinction of Albigensian Manichaeism and Catharism in
Europe
1245 First French Encyclopedia, L’Image du Monde, Published
by Gossuin de Metz,
Including Apollonius Information
1280 Period of Italian Marco Polo and His Travels to China
1316 Papacy Moved from Rome to Avignon, France
1320 Approximate Publication of Dante Alighieri’s The Divine
Comedy
1353 Burial Shroud ("Mandylion") of "Jesus" Moved from
Constantinople to France,
Subsequently Moved to Torino in 1578
1378 Birth of Christian Rosenkruez (Pseudonym of Johan V.
Andrea),
Author of Fama Fraternitatis and Founder of the Secret
Rosicrucian Order
1431 Approximate Birth of Rodrigo Lanzol y Borgia
1444 Founding of the Florentine Medici Library by Cosimo de
Medici
1447 Papacy Returned to Rome Under Pope Nicholas V
1449 Approximate Birth of Aldo Manuzio, "Grandfather of the
Paperback Book"
The European Renaissance
1450 Commencement of the Italian Renaissance
1451 Dedication of the Vatican Cornerstone
1452 Birth of Leonardo da Vinci
1453 Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople &
Flight of Greek Orthodox Cardinal John Bessarion from
Constantinople to Venice
1454 Constantinople Renamed "Istanbul"
1456 Invention of the Printing Press
by Johann Gutenberg & Publication ofThe Gutenberg Bible
1460 Early Attempts to Establish an Official Vatican Library
at Rome
1465 Approximate Founding of the Domenican Convent and
Library of San Marco
at Florence by Friar Zanobi Acciaioli
1468 Acquisition by the Venetian Republic of Greek Cardinal
Bessarion’s Vast Library
1472 Death of Cardinal Bessarion
1475 Birth of Michelangelo Buonarroti
1483 Birth of German Martin Luther & Eventual Protestant
Reformation
1484 Death of Christian Rosenkruez at Albi, France
1490 First Passion Play Performed in the Roman Colosseum
1491 Birth of King Henry VIII of England & Eventual
Anglican/Episcopal Church
1492 Catholic Reconquest of Moorish Spain by Ferdinand and
Isabella,
Expulsion of the Jews from Spain, Rodrigo Borgia Elected
Pope Alexander VI &
Discovery of America by Christopher Colombus
1494 Death of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Friend of Aldus
Manutius
1495 Approximate Acquisition by Venice of the
Library of Cardinal Domenico Grimani and
His Nephew Marin Sanudo, Business Partner of Aldus Manutius
(total of 20,000 books donated to the city)
1497 Acquisition by Aldus Manutius of Philostratus’ Life of
Apollonius of Tyana
from Friar Zanobi Acciaioli’s Library (approximate date)
1498 Girolamo Savonarola, Acquaintance of Zanobi, Burned at
the Stake in Florence
1499 Friendship of Aldo Manuzio and Lucrezia Borgia,
Daughter of Pope Alexander VI
1500 Friendship of Aldo Manuzio and Alberto Pio
1501 The Life of Apollonius of Tyana by Flavius Philostratus,
First Translation into Latin by Alemannus Rhinuccinus in
Venice
Apollonius Tyanaeus & Eusebius,
Published by the Aldine Press in Venice,
1504 CE
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